Shutter for photographic cameras



(No Model.)

E. W. PERRY, Jr.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIO CAMERAS.

No. 422,825. Patented Mar. 4, 1890 will '{I I UNITED STATES PATENT.OFFICE.

ENOCI-I WOOD PERRY, JR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR ()F ONE-HALF TOEMIL KIPPER, OF ZYLONITE, MASSACHUSETTS.

SHUTTER FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,825, dated March 4,1890.

i Application filed March 21, 1889- Serial No. 304,l2'7. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that L-ENOGH WOOD PERRY, J r., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented new and useful Improvements in Shutters forPhotographic Cameras, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to photographic cameras, and the purposethereof is to provide a shutter which shall never open except during theinterval of exposure and which can be reset without replacing theplate-holder slide and without covering the lens of the instrument.

It is well known that in all the cameras in use at the present day inwhich an instanta-' neous shutter is employed the plate which has beenexposed must be protected from light before the shutter can be reset.protection is generally efiected by closing the front of the lens or bypushing in the slide of the plate-holder. After the shutter is resetthese coverings must be again removed before another exposure can bemade, and not only is this increased manipulation exceedinglytroublesome, but even the most experienced operators often forget toguard against admission of light while setting the shutter, and inconsequence the plate is spoiled.

It is the main object of my invention to provide a simple andeasily-operated shutter in which the additional manipulation referred tois wholly avoided, the apparatus removed from dependence upon theoperators memory, and in which the shutter never re volves backward inorder to be set.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a face elevation of theshutter. Fig. 2 is a central horizontal section of the parts shown inFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective of the ratchet and barrel.

In the said drawings, the reference-numeral 1 designates theshutter-disk, having one or more openings 2, as desired. This disk,which is of any desired size according to the number of openingstherein, is pivotally mounted or j ournaled upon a stud 3 upon the frontboard,- whereby its openings are brought in line with This a thelens-opening 4. In the outer edge of the disk are formed notches 5 inone or more places, which receive pawls or holders 6, whereby aretrograde movement of the shutter is prevented, as the disk is intendedto revolve in only one direction and only to expose the plates, or forthe purpose of focusing by a lens and ground glass. Upon the stud 3 isalso mounted loosely a ratchet and barrel 6 and 7, the former havingteeth 8, with which a pawl 9 engages, said pawl pivotally mounted on theface of the disk and being thrown by a light spring 10 into engagementwith the ratchet. Upon the barrel is formed a spool 12, of which theremay be two, one receiving the cord or chain 13, leading to a strongleaf-spring 14, by the tension of which the barrel is turned, and theother a cord 15, by which the other cord is wound and a proper tensionimparted to the spring. Instead, however, of the second spool, I mayemploy a lever 16, rigid upon the barrel, to which a winding cord may ormay not be attached.

Mounted upon an axis 17, projecting from the front plate, of the camera,is an angular stop 18, drawn byaspring 19 against a cam 20, which ispivoted upon a pin 21, and maybe set at any convenient point to limitthe throw of the stop. The angular portion of thelatter may be brought,by the adjustment of the cam 20, into the path of either one of twoseparate series of pins, pegs, or other projections 22, one seriesarranged at a given radial distance upon the inner face of the shutter,and the other series, alternating with the first, being arranged at agreater or less radial distance. By the separate adjustments of theangular stop the latter may be caused to engage with the pins-of theouter series only, or with those of the inner and outer seriesalternately, whereby I am able to use the shutter for eitherinstantaneous or time exposures.

The operation is as follows: The spring im pellin g the shutter beingbrought to tension, the angular stop is adjusted to the exposuredesired. It the exposure is to be instantane ous, the cam 20 is turnedso that the angular part of the stop shall engage with the outer seriesof pins 20 only. When in readiness,

the stop 18 is tripped by any suitable device, whereupon the shuttermakes a partial revolution, one of its openings passing the lensopening,which is immediately covered by the body of the shutter. If, however, atime exposure is desired, the stop is thrown in to engage the innerseries of pins, as well as the outer. Thus when engaged with one of thelatter the lens-opening is closed; but when tripped the shutter turnsuntil the other pin of the inner series comes in contact with the stop,arresting the shutter at the point where the lens-opening is permanentlyexposed or registered with the shutter. After each operation one or moreof the stop-pawls 6 engage with the peripheral notches 5 and preventretrograde movement.

The position of the stop 18 maybe changed by the action of the cam 20 atany time and even after the shutter is set without disturbing the latterand without opening the camera-box, the cam being operated by anysuitable form of lever upon the outside capable of being turned inopposite directions to operate thecam and set the stop.

\Vh'at I claim is 1. I11 a photographic camera, a shutter adapted foreither time or instantaneous exposure, said shutter being mounted uponan axis and turned continuously but intermittently in the samedirection, in combination with an adjustable stop and with two dilferentseries of pins or projections upon the shutter, the one series adaptedfor instantaneous and the other series for time exposures, as may bedesired, sulstantially as described.

2. In a photographic camera, the combination, with a revolving shutterhaving one or more openings, of a concentric barrel having a ratchetconnected with the shutter by a spring-pawl, a cord or chain winding onthe barrel and impelled by a spring, an adjustable stop arresting theshutter at different points, and means for preventing retrogrademovement of the shutter, substantially as de scribed.

3. In a photographic camera, the combination, with a circular shuttercentrally mounted and having one or more openings registering with thelens-opening, of a barrel loosely mounted on the same axis and having aratchet connected to the shutter by a springpressed pawl on the latter,a spring-impelled cord winding on the barrel, a pivoted springactuatedstop adjustable by a pivoted cam and adapted to engage either of twoalternating series of pins projecting from the shutter at differentradial distances, and means for tripping said stop and preventingretrograde movement of the shutter, substan- 6o tially as described.

l. In a photographic camera, the combination, with a circular shutterhaving one or more openings and provided with one or more notchesengaging with pawls to prevent rearward rotation, of a separate barrelhaving one or more spools to receive an actuatingcord, a spring-pressedpawl pivoted 011 the shutter and engaging a ratchet on the barrel,

an angular stop pivoted on a separate axis and thrown by a spring in onedirection and by a pivoted cam in the other, two alternating series ofpins mounted on the shutter at different radial distances, and means fortripping said stop, substantially as described. 7 5

5. In a photographic camera, a circular revolving shutter having one ormore openings, means for revolving said shutter in one direction andarresting its revolution in the other direction, an adjustable stopengaging two separate series of stop-pins on the shutter, and means forpreventing retrograde rotation of the shutter, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have atfixed my sig- S5 THOMAS FORD, ANDRE\V J.QUINN.

